The nickel provides the positive charge and therefore the nickel ion must have a +2 charge. In order for the compound to be neutral (all compounds are), we must also have a total positive charge of +2. Since there are two chlorines, the total negative charge in the molecule is -2. Chlorine always forms a -1 ion (see above). However, for those elements that can form ions of more than one charge we need to look at the formula of the compound. We have seen that the charge of some ions can be determined from the periodic table. To balance this out we add 3 hydrogen's therefore H3PO4.Name the first element, followed by a Roman numeral that represents its charge.ĭoes the compound contain a polyatomic ion? Now we have phosphate which is PO4 with a charge of 3- and hydrogen with a charge of 1+. We then figure out which polynomic ion phosphoric is by removing the ic and adding ate. Since it doesn't have hydro at the beginning we know it's oxacid. Hydrogen's charge is 1+ and Bromine's charge is 1-, meaning the compound is already neutral therefore it's HBr. We then set up our formula knowing it will contain H and Br. Since it has hydro at the beginning we know it's binary. If it ends with ate replace with ic, if it ends with ite replace with ous (Carbonic) Write the name of the element without ate or ite (Carbon) Root names: Cl- Chlor, F- Flor, Br- Brom, P- Phosphor, I- IodĪcid composed of hydrogen, oxygen and another element. Process of acids producing ions when placed in water, these ions can conduct electricity.Īcid composed of two elements, hydrogen (the cation) and a non-metal (the anion).Īdd the prefix hydro to the root name (Hydrochlor)Īdd the suffix ic acid to the root name (Hydrochloric Acid) Tastes sours, reacts with metals to produce hydrogen gas, reacts with carbonates to produce CO2. Methane + Oxygen > Carbon Dioxide + WaterĪ compound that produces hydrogen atoms when dissolved in water.Ĭommon acids are juices, explosives and carbonated drinks. Reaction that occurs when fuel ignites oxygen forming an oxide compoundĬomplete combustion is when there is lots of oxygen, forms CO2 whereas incomplete lacks oxygen, CO Silver Nitrate + Sodium Chloride -> Sodium Nitrate + Silver Chloride ![]() There are two types, precipitation (produces solid precipitate) and neutralization (acid and bases) Reaction that occurs when two compounds exchange cations to form two new elements Potassium Bromide + Fluorine -> Potassium Fluoride + Bromine Reaction that occurs when one element is more reactive so it replaces the otherĬation replacement and anion replacement, use the reactivity series if it's higher it will replace Reaction that occurs when a compound breaks down into a two simpler products Reaction that occurs when reactants form a new product Add state symbols (Al2(s) + O3(g) -> Al2O3(s) ) Balance the equation (Al2 + O3 -> Al2O3)ĥ. Create a neutral compound (Since Al has 3+ charge and O has 2-, the compound is Al2O3)Ĥ. Solid piece of aluminum reacts with oxygen gas to produce solid aluminum oxideĢ. ![]() Therefore we add a coefficient of 2 to the right, in order to balance. On the left side we have 2 hydrogen and 2 Chlorine and on the right we have 1 hydrogen and 1 chlorine. Since you can't add more atoms to a compound (as it would be unbalanced), you add coefficients Bromine.Īnother way is BrINClHOF pronounced Brinklekoffīromine Iodine Nitrogen Chlorine Hydrogen Oxygen FluorineĪn equation that includes the elements and a neutral compound, but hasn't been balanced yet. State symbols must be included in chemical equationsĭiatomic elements (pure elements that form molecules consisting of two atoms bonded together) These equations must be balanced (same amount of atoms on left and right side) to observe the law of conservation of mass ![]() Replace the end of the 2nd element with -ide, add roman numerals if applicable (Iron (III) Oxide, the roman numeral is 3 because that is the charge of iron)Īdd atoms to make the compound neutral (Already done)Ĭhemical Reactions is a process that forms a product from the reactants Replace the end of the 2nd element with -ide, add roman numerals if applicable (Magnesium Bromide)Ĭheck the periodic table to see if they are transition metals (Yes iron is) Identify the elements (Magnesium and Bromine)Ĭheck the periodic table to see if they are transition metals (No they are not)īegin to form the name (Magnesium Bromine) The octet rule is filling the electron shell by gaining or losing electrons, so in ionic bonding electrons are lost from one ion but gained in the other.
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